6013.2025 Systemic Inflammatory Indices as Potential Biomarkers for Tyhphoid Fever : Correlation of SIRI and SII with Tubex TF Positivity in Children
Abstract
Typhoid fever remains a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in developing countries with a high disease burden among children. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to prevent serious complications and to ensure the rational use of antibiotics. Although blood culture is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, it is time-consuming and has variable sensitivity. In contrast, rapid serological tests such as Tubex TF have been widely used due to their practicality and quick turnaround time. However, the accuracy of Tubex TF may vary across populations and disease stages, indicating the need for additional biomarkers that can strengthen the interpretation of its results.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in utilizing systemic inflammatory biomarkers derived from routine blood examinations, as they are objective, inexpensive, and easily accessible. Two indices that have gained considerable attention are the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), which reflect the balance between innate and adaptive immunity through the combination of neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet parameters. Biologically, Salmonella Typhi infection triggers a complex inflammatory response that affects these cellular components; therefore, SIRI and SII values may potentially correlate with the immunological activity indicated by a positive Tubex TF result.
This study aims to evaluate the relationship between SIRI and SII with Tubex TF positivity in children with typhoid fever. This approach is expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between systemic inflammatory responses and antibody production, as well as contribute to the development of faster, more affordable, and complementary diagnostic strategies to existing serological methods. Consequently, SIRI and SII have the potential to serve as adjunct biomarkers that enhance the diagnostic accuracy of typhoid fever, particularly in healthcare settings with limited resources.
